@article { author = {MALEKZADEH, ELHAM and Afrafar, Marziyeh}, title = {A study on the medical endowments of women in Tehran in the first Pahlavi period}, journal = {International Journal of Iranian-Islamic Studies}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {65-83}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Documents and National Library of the Islamic Republic of Iran}, issn = {2322-2891}, eissn = {2717-2961}, doi = {10.30484/jii.2021.2582}, abstract = {Waqf is a long-standing traditional endowment in Iran that dates back to pre-Islamic times. In the Islamic period, this issue also expanded due to the emphasis of Islamic rules. Waqf in all periods has caused the flourishing of the cultural cycle and with the help of endowments, hundreds of mosques, schools, libraries, etc. have been established. In the meantime, women in many cases followed in the footsteps of men. It seems that in the post-constitutional period and the first Pahlavi government, due to the developments and Iran's relationship with the Western world, there have been changes in the type of endowment. These changes are more tangible in Tehran due to being the capital at this time. One of the transformational areas of endowment is medical affairs, which has received more attention in this period, and women's endowments in this field are also significant. The present article intends to study and analyze the importance and role of women in creating medical endowments in Tehran during the Reza Shah period by relying on archival documents and endowment letters. The research method is based on descriptive method and analysis of data as well as existing documents. Based on this research, it was found that in the first Pahlavi period, under the influence of developments caused by the constitutional movement and Iran's relationship with the Western world, we also witnessed changes in endowments that impacted later periods. One of the developments of waqf is paying more attention to medical endowments, which for various reasons, including the prevalence of infectious diseases, lack of facilities and medical centers, etc., encouraged people to create and develop, in any form or style such medical centers. During this period, women in many social areas, directly or indirectly, were present alongside men on the scene, and many actions have been taken by them regarding endowments, and in particular medical endowments. Due to the fact that the intellectual atmosphere of the society was slowly moving towards changes at this time, women also kept pace with this intellectual atmosphere and changes, and in this period, among the medical endowments recorded, these perpetrators could be tracked. Endowment letters left by women activists of this era reveal the level of women's participation in Waqf and this shows their economic independence and of course their interest in public welfare and medical affairs in the mentioned period which is a step towards the then intellectual process of the society. Although the Book of Waqf and Medical Affairs lists women activists in medical Waqf in Tehran, it is important to note that many women endowers have not yet been identified; therefore, in this period, it will be very significant for women to keep pace with these developments, which are evidence of such endowments based on the existing endowment letters.}, keywords = {Women,Medical Endowments,Tehran,Reza Shah,Najm-Al-Saltanah}, title_fa = {جستاری بر موقوفات طبی زنان واقف تهران در دوره پهلوی اول}, abstract_fa = {وقف سنتی دیرینه در ایران است که به دوران پیش از اسلام بازمی‌گردد. در دوره اسلامی نیز این موضوع با توجه به تأکیدات احکام اسلامی گسترش یافت. وقف در همه دوره‌ها موجب رونق چرخه فرهنگ شده و با مساعدت اوقاف، صدها مسجد، مدرسه، کتابخانه و ... دایر گردیده است. در این میان زنان در بسیاری موارد همپای مردان در این مسیر قدم برداشتند. به نظر می‌رسد در دوران پس از مشروطه و حکومت پهلوی اول با توجه به تحولات صورت گرفته و ارتباط ایران با دنیای غرب، در نوع وقف نیز تحولاتی به وجود آمده است. این تغییرات در تهران به علت پایتخت بودن در این زمان ملموس‌تر است. یکی از عرصه‌های تحولی وقف، امور درمانی است که در این دوره بیشتر موردتوجه قرارگرفته و موقوفات زنان نیز در این زمینه قابل‌اعتنا است. مقاله کنونی، درصدد است اهمیت و نقش زنان در ایجاد موقوفات طبی شهر تهران طی دورۀ رضاشاه را با تکیه‌بر اسناد و وقف نامه‌های آرشیوی موردمطالعه، بررسی و تحلیل قرار دهد.}, keywords_fa = {زنان,موقوفات طبی,تهران,رضاشاه,نجم‌السلطنه}, url = {https://jii.nlai.ir/article_2582.html}, eprint = {https://jii.nlai.ir/article_2582_ef145fbbc3930d5a3525a39c1d8145a7.pdf} }